mitogen-activated protein kinase 3(MAPK3) Homo sapiens The protein encoded by this gene is a member of the MAP kinase family. MAP kinases, also known as extracellular signal- regulated kinases ( ERKs), act in a signaling cascade that regulates various cellular processes such as proliferation, differentiation, and cell cycle progression in response to a variety of extracellular signals. This kinase is activated by upstream kinases, resulting in its translocation to the nucleus where it phosphorylates nuclear targets. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding different protein isoforms have been described.