p38 MAP kinase (MAPK), also called RK (1) or CSBP (2), is the mammalian orthologue of the yeast HOG kinase which participates in a signaling cascade controlling cellular responses to cytokines and stress (1-4). Four isoforms of p38 MAP kinase, p38α, β, γ (also known as ERK6 or SAPK3) and δ (also known as SAPK4) have been identified. Similar to the SAPK/JNK pathway, p38 MAP kinase is activated by a variety of cellular stresses including osmotic shock, inflammatory cytokines, lipopolysaccharides (LPS), UV light and growth factors (1-5). MKK3, MKK6 and SEK activate p38 MAP kinase by phosphorylation at Thr180 and Tyr182. Activated p38 MAP kinase has been shown to phosphorylate and activate MAPKAP kinase 2 (3) and to phosphorylate the transcription factors ATF-2 (5), Max (6) and MEF2 (5-8).Phospho-p38 MAP Kinase (Thr180/Tyr182) (3D7) Rabbit mAb detects endogenous levels of p38 MAP kinase only when dually phosphorylated at Thr180 and Tyr182. This antibody does not cross-react with the phosphorylated forms of either p42/44 MAPK or SAPK/JNK.