This gene encodes a member of the PDGF (platelet-derived growth factor)/VEGF (vascular endothelial growth factor) family. The VEGF family members regulate the formation of blood vessels and are involved in endothelial cell physiology. This member is a ligand for VEGFR-1 (vascular endothelial growth factor receptor 1) and NRP-1 (neuropilin-1). Studies in mice showed that this gene was co-expressed with nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes and the encoded protein specifically controlled endothelial uptake of fatty acids. Alternatively spliced transcript variants encoding distinct isoforms have been identified. [provided by RefSeq, Sep 2011],alternative products:Additional isoforms seem to exist,function:Growth factor for endothelial cells. VEGF-B167 binds heparin and neuropilin-1 whereas the binding to neuropilin-1 of VEGF-B186 is regulated by proteolysis.,PTM:VEGF-B186 is O-glycosylated.,similarity:Belongs to the PDGF/VEGF growth factor family.,subcellular location:Secreted but remains associated to cells or to the extracellular matrix unless released by heparin.,subunit:Homodimer; disulfide-linked. Can also form heterodimer with VEGF.,tissue specificity:Expressed in all tissues except liver. Highest levels found in heart, skeletal muscle and pancreas.,